Military Historical Dates

Armed conflicts in the history of humanity from the ancient times to the 20th Century.
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Karl Heidenreich
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by Karl Heidenreich »

RF:
No it wasn't.

Try Culloden in 1746
Will check later today. It seems that were some mistakes in the last two entries.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by lwd »

RF wrote:
Karl Heidenreich wrote:
1575 – Raid of the Redeswire, the last major battle between England and Scotland.
No it wasn't.

Try Culloden in 1746.
Culloden is debatable. There were Scott's on both sides and the British governement claimed sovereignty over both. At most I would consider it part of Scotland rebelling against the United Kingdom. Didn't Cromwell invade Scotalnd at one point? Still might be subject to the above.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by Bgile »

lwd wrote:
RF wrote:
Karl Heidenreich wrote:
1575 – Raid of the Redeswire, the last major battle between England and Scotland.
No it wasn't.

Try Culloden in 1746.
Culloden is debatable. There were Scott's on both sides and the British governement claimed sovereignty over both. At most I would consider it part of Scotland rebelling against the United Kingdom. Didn't Cromwell invade Scotalnd at one point? Still might be subject to the above.
That's funny. Try saying that in a bar in Scotland.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by Karl Heidenreich »

Well, according to the records the Battle of Culoden was of British Hanoverian goverment forces against of Jacobites supported by the french. The Raid of the Redeswire is, on the other hand, the last action of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland.

I think that the issue is clear that:

1. Redeswire was the LAST battle of one kingdom against the other one.
2. Culloden was not a combat of one kingdom against the other but of rebel Jacobites against a formed goverment, meaning: civil war
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 8th:

1099 – First Crusade: 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march in a religious procession around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders look on. :shock:
1283 – War of the Sicilian Vespers: Battle of Malta
1709 – Great Northern War: Battle of Poltava: Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at Poltava thus effectively ending Sweden's role as a major power in Europe.
1716 – Great Northern War: Battle of Dynekilen
1758 – French forces hold Fort Carillon against the British at Ticonderoga, New York.
1760 – French and Indian War: Battle of Restigouche – British defeat French forces in last naval battle in New France.
1776 – The Declaration of Independence is read aloud in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and the Liberty Bell is rung.
1853 – Commodore Perry sails into Tokyo Bay.
1864 – The Shinsengumi sabotage the Choshu-han shishi's planned attack on Kyoto, Japan at Ikedaya. This event is known as Ikedaya Jiken.
1874 – The Mounties begin their March West.
1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called Women in the Air Force (WAF).
1960 – Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage resulting from his flight over the Soviet Union.
1997 – NATO invites the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland to join the alliance in 1999.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by Karl Heidenreich »

July 9th


455 – Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
1541 – Estevão da Gama departs Massawa, leaving behind 400 matchlock men and 150 slaves under his brother Christovão da Gama, with orders to help the Emperor of Ethiopia defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi who had invaded his Empire.
1755 – French and Indian War: Braddock Expedition – British troops and colonial militiamen are ambushed and suffer a devastating defeat by French and Native American forces.
1790 – Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund – in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.
1807 – The Treaties of Tilsit are signed by Napoleon I and Alexander I.
1810 – Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.
1863 – American Civil War: the Siege of Port Hudson ends.
1943 – World War II: Operation Husky – Allied forces perform an amphibious invasion of Sicily.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Normandy – British and Canadian forces capture Caen, France, which was supposed to fall on D+2 according to original timetable.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Saipan – Americans take Saipan.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Tali-Ihantala – Finland wins the Battle of Tali-Ihantala, which is to date largest battle of north Europe. Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into defensive position, which ends the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 10:

48 BC – Battle of Dyrrhachium: Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
1460 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton.
1645 – English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place.
1778 – American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1806 – The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company.
1921 – Belfast's Bloody Sunday: 16 people are killed and 161 houses destroyed during rioting and gun battles in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
1940 – World War II: the Vichy government is established in France.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain – The German Luftwaffe begins attacking British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).

1943 – World War II: The launching of Operation Husky begins the Italian Campaign.
1951 – Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong.
1976 – One American and three British mercenaries are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.
1985 – Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland, New Zealand harbor by French DGSE agents.
2008 – Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all charges by a United Nations Tribunal accusing him of war crimes
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 11th,

472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in the Old St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
1302 – Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch) – a coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's royal army.
1405 – Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time.
1789 – Jacques Necker is dismissed as France's Finance Minister sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
1798 – The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Stevens; Confederate forces attempt to invade Washington, D.C..
1882 – The British Mediterranean fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
1921 – A truce is called in the Irish War of Independence; see Irish calendar.
1921 – The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People's Republic.
1940 – World War II: Vichy France regime is formally established. Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.
1943 – Massacres of Poles in Volhynia.
1943 – World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily – German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
1943 - World War II: Waffen SS Panzer units are approaching Prokchokova, whilst the Fifth Tank Army is doing the same: the greatest tank battle in History will take place the following day,
1979 – America's first space station, Skylab, is destroyed as it re-enters the Earth's atmosphere over the Indian Ocean after a US failure to save it.
1995 – Over 8000 Bosnian men and children (all Bosniaks) are killed by Serbian troops commanded by Ratko Mladic in Potočari near Srebrenica Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

Post by Karl Heidenreich »

July 12th:

1191 – Saladin's garrison surrenders to Conrad of Montferrat, ending the two-year siege of Acre.
1690 – Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar) – The armies of William III defeat those of the former James II.
1691 – Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar) – The decisive victory of William's forces in Ireland.
1806 – Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.
1812 – War of 1812: The United States invades Canada at Windsor, Ontario.
1862 – The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress.
1918 – The Japanese Imperial Navy battle ship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.
1920 – The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed. Soviet Russia recognized independent Lithuania.
1943 – World War II: Battle of Prokhorovka – German and Soviet forces engage in largest tank engagement of all time.
2006 – Hezbollah initiates Operation True Promise.


About the most important Military Historical Date I quote here Wikipedia:
The Battle of Prokhorovka (12 July 1943) was fought on the Eastern Front during the World War II as part of the Battle of Kursk in Soviet Union (approx. 270 miles/435 km south of Moscow). Principally, the German Wehrmacht's Fourth Panzer Army clashed with the Soviet Red Army's 5th Guards Tank Army. It is one of the largest[12] tank battles in military history.

On 5 July 1943 the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht launched Operation Citadel. The aim of the German High Command was to destroy the considerable Soviet forces in the Kursk salient. Destroying the Red Army in the field would recover the strategic initiative for the Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front. The operation was to be achieved by five German field armies that were to strike in a pincer movement on either side of the Kursk Bulge. The Soviet Supreme Command, the Stavka, foresaw the German attack and prepared a defense in depth along the lines of the military deep operations theory. Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov convinced Joseph Stalin that the Red Army should remain defensive and wear down the German Army. When the German forces had been worn down sufficiently by the Red Army defence, the Soviet would release their operational reserve to destroy the weakened German spearhead.

In the ensuing Battle of Kursk, German forces were halted on the northern Orel sector. However, in the south the formations of Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS achieved a deeper penetration, approaching Prokhorovka. The Red Army was forced to commit its operational reserves sooner than it would have wished. The resulting clash of armour occurred on 12 July 1943 and became known as one of the largest tank battles in history.

This was the pivotal battle of the German offensive to encircle Soviet forces in the Kursk salient. Its culmination and outcome are a matter of contention. The German assault failed to achieve its strategic objective, but succeeded in winning several tactical engagements. The Soviets also succeeded in winning a series of defensive engagements and prevented the German formations breaking through their lines, but Soviet attacks against German positions were repulsed. By the end of the battle both sides had suffered heavy losses. The Soviet losses were much higher, but larger operational and strategic manpower and materiel reserves enabled the Red Army to retain the strategic and operational initiative.

German Strenght:

II SS Panzer Corps
1st SS Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich
3rd SS Division Totenkopf

Soviet Strenght:

Voronezh Front
1st Tank Army
69th Army
Steppe Front

5th Guards Tank Army
29th Tank Corps
5th Guards Mechanized Corps
5th Guards Army

Casualties:

German:
1034 men (97 KIA/MIA)
3 tanks destroyed
41 tanks damaged

Soviet:

~5,500 men
207- 334 tanks destroyed
420 tanks damaged
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 13:

1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
1260 – the Livonian Order suffered its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1558 – Battle of Gravelines: in France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
1573 – Eighty Years' War: the Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
1643 – English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down – In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
1794 – The Battle of the Vosges is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
1854 – In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General Jose Maria Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
1863 – New York Draft Riots: in New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
1941 – World War II: Montenegrins start a popular uprising against the Axis Powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak).
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 14th:

1789 – French Revolution: citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners.
1798 – The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.
1881 – Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
1900 – Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.
1916 – Start of the Battle of Delville Wood as an action within the Battle of the Somme, which was to last until 3 September 1916.
1933 – Gleichschaltung: in Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.
1950 – Korean War: North Korean troops initiate the Battle of Taejon.
1958 – Iraqi Revolution: in Iraq the monarchy is overthrown by popular forces lead by Abdul Karim Kassem, who becomes the nation's new leader.
1969 – Football War: after Honduras loses a soccer match against El Salvador, riots break out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers.
2003 – The United States Government admits to the existence of "Area 51".
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 15th

1099 – First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege.
1240 – Swedish-Novgorodian Wars: a Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva.
1410 – Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War: Battle of Grunwald – the allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order.
1685 – Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth is executed at Tower Hill, England after his defeat at the Battle of Sedgemoor on 6 July 1685.
1789 – Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette, is named by acclamation colonel-general of the new National Guard of Paris.
1815 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoléon Bonaparte surrenders aboard HMS Bellerophon.
1870 – Reconstruction era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
1918 – World War I: the Second Battle of the Marne begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
1983 – A terrorist attack is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA at the Paris-Orly Airport in Paris; it leaves 8 people dead and 55 injured.
1996 – A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport.
2002 – "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and to possession of explosives during the commission of a felony.
2002 – Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan hands down the death sentence to British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms to three others suspected of murdering Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 16th:

622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar.
1212 – Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: After Pope Innocent III called European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Pedro II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeated those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the Reconquista and medieval history of Spain.
1683 – Manchu Qing Dynasty naval forces under traitorous commander Shi Lang defeat the Kingdom of Tungning in the Battle of Penghu near the Pescadores Islands.
1779 – American Revolutionary War: Light infantry of the Continental Army seize a fortified British Army position in a midnight bayonet attack at the Battle of Stony Point.
1861 – American Civil War: At the order of President Abraham Lincoln, Union troops begin a 25 mile march into Virginia for what will become the The First Battle of Bull Run, the first major land battle of the war.
1862 – American Civil War: David Farragut is promoted to rear admiral, becoming the first officer in United States Navy to hold an admiral rank.
1915 – Henry James became a British citizen, to dramatize his commitment to England during the first World War.
1918 – Czar Nicholas II, his family, the family doctor, their servants and their pet dog are shot by the Bolsheviks, who had held them captive for 2 months in the basement of a house in Ekaterinberg, Russia.
1942 – Holocaust: Vel' d'Hiv Roundup (Rafle du Vel' d'Hiv): the government of Vichy France orders the mass arrest of 13,152 Jews who are held at the Winter Velodrome in Paris before deportation to Auschwitz.
1945 – World War II: The leaders of the three Allied nations, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, US President Harry S Truman and leader of the Soviet Union Josef Stalin, meet in the German city of Potsdam to decide the future of a defeated Germany.
1945 – Manhattan Project: The Atomic Age begins when the United States successfully detonates a plutonium-based test nuclear weapon at the Trinity site near Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1948 – Following token resistance, the city of Nazareth, revered by Christians as the hometown of Jesus, capitulates to Israeli troops during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War's Operation Dekel.
1957 – United States Marine major John Glenn flies a F8U Crusader supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds, setting a new transcontinental speed record.
1960 – USS George Washington (SSBN-598) a modified Skipjack class submarine successfully test fires the first Ballistic missile while submerged.
1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11, the first manned space mission to land on the Moon is launched from the Kennedy Space Center at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
1979 – Iraqi President Hasan al-Bakr resigns and is replaced by Saddam Hussein.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 17th,

180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
1203 – The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexius III Angelus flees from his capital into exile.
1453 – Hundred Years' War: Battle of Castillon: The French under Jean Bureau defeat the English under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who is killed in the battle in Gascony.
1586 – A meeting takes place at Lüneburg between several Protestant powers in order to discuss the formation of an 'evangelical' league of defence, called the 'Confederatio Militiae Evangelicae', against the Catholic League.
1791 – Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette open fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing as many as 50 people.
1815 – Napoleonic Wars: In France, Napoleon surrenders at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime to British forces.
1918 – On the orders of the Bolshevik Party carried out by Cheka, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his immediate family and retainers are murdered at the Ipatiev House in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
1918 – The RMS Carpathia, the ship that rescued the 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic, is sunk off Ireland by the German SM U-55; 5 lives are lost.
1936 – Spanish Civil War: An Armed Forces rebellion against the recently-elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain starts the civil war.
1942 – World War II: The Battle of Stalingrad commences in modern-day Volgograd.
1944 – World War II: Napalm incendiary bombs are dropped for the first time by American P-38 pilots on a fuel depot at Coutances, near St. Lô, France.
1945 – World War II: Potsdam Conference – at Potsdam, U.S. President Harry Truman, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, the three main Allied leaders, begin their final summit of the war. The meeting would end on August 2.
1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The "Small Boy" test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada Test Site.
1968 – A revolution occurs in Iraq when Abdul Rahman Arif is overthrown and the Ba'ath Party is installed as the governing power in Iraq with Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as the new Iraqi President.
1976 – The opening of the Summer Olympics in Montreal is marred by 25 African teams boycotting the New Zealand team.
1979 – Nicaraguan president General Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami, Florida.
1989 – First flight of the B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber.
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Re: Military Historical Dates

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July 18th,

390 BCE – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia – a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.
1290 – King Edward I of England issues the Edict of Expulsion, banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England; this was Tisha B'Av on the Hebrew calendar, a day that commemorates many Jewish calamities.
1389 – Kingdom of France and Kingdom of England agree to the Truce of Leulinghem, in inaugurating a 13 year peace; the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years War
1656 – Polish-Lithuanian forces clash with Sweden and its Brandenburg allies in the start of what is to be known as The Battle of Warsaw which ends in a decisive Swedish victory.
1857 – Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Wagner/Morris Island – the first formal African American military unit, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, fails in their assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner. (There is movie, called Glory, about this)
1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, giving definite status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes his personal manifesto Mein Kampf.
1936 – In Spanish Morocco, military rebels attempt a coup d'état against the legitimacy of the Spanish government. This will lead to the Spanish Civil War.
1942 – World War II: the Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me-262 using only its jet engines for the first time.
1944 – World War II: Hideki Tojo resigns as Prime Minister of Japan due to numerous setbacks in the war effort.
1996 – Battle of Mullaitivu. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam capture the Sri Lanka Army's base, killing over 1200 Army soldiers.
An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat him last.
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